All the mini/thumbnail sized 802.11n dongles are N-150, which is what your current WLAN card is rated for. Although being external, may improve reception. Those sporting N-300 stick out about 2".
Newest on the block is 802.11ac, but these are £40+ per dongle and would run at "n" speeds anyway (limited by the Superhub).
Also, you might bottleneck on USB:
USB 2.0 = 280Mbit/s*
N-300 = 600Mbit/s*
60Mb/s = 480Mbit/s
(*theoretical maximum)
I vaguely recall something about either mini-PCIe or PCMCIA/ExpressCard sharing the USB bandwidth on many laptops. And for the life of me can't remember which it is. If it's the former, it would explain the speed issue.